Shock absorber and accelerator



Dec. 19, 1950 A. A. DANIELSEN EI'AL 2,534,248

SHOCK ABSORBER AND ACCELERATOR Original Filed May 8, 1944 r; ;'3 2NVENTORS 27 fluqas H.Daruelsen .29 AJ-nuuzd 13 S072 Zerei Patented Dec. 19,, 1950 UNITED STATES FATE NT OFFICE ABSORBER AND" AECEEEEATGR August A. 'n'znielsen, Roseilale, and" Ai memd P; 'Schleret, Babyfon N. Y., assignnrs, by mesne assignments, to General Bronze-Corporat'ibn, Harem-City, Y.-, a corpbralfion dfNewYork (iriginal jwpplioatien Mity 8, 1944,; Serial- No. 534596; Divi31ed and this application Januan' 4,19451Seri5PNo. 639,116

(-Cl-'.-i287--I) screws; 1'- n 'The'subiectme-tter' oftlfis eppiiehti'ohis divided but of our (to-pending apfil-i'cation serial No. 534,596, filed May 8, 1944. f

The invention relates to" a shock absorber, snnbber and accelerator I It is an obl'iect'of the invention to prdvidesn'ch dev-iee thetis capable of use connection with MUVaBIGBlI-hfifSoT parts such as reciprocating elements Whose reciprbctitions a ret be 'gr-fidu any arrested; and to so-conet'mct the devioe that itwfitbe operahl'e in 'c'ompressibn as we11 a{s" siIS'-' pension to eiosow dr' smib the'shocfis'incif deht to the-movements ofthe 'rec'ipreeatih'gelements anti win accelerate the return of the reeiprdcatitiglb mentsto thei fnormeil ositih'ns It is a 'fuitfierobjeetofthe' invention torso ew struct the device that may be" a de-pied to, and used with, Various types of reci rocating element's either to suspend, or in contradistincti0n,f' tw st nrioft; "a load.

in the drawings:

Figure 1 is a verticai's'edtionaIview of an em bdfiiment of our "invention;

Figure a horizontal seetibn on the, iner-2' offieure '1'; and

To illustrate the" 'ep l'icehil'ityof our ffdevice to a'reciprocatin'g' eIemeht to-perform, a ong' others, the fnnctions thathave heretofore be et'iorth: welieve illustrated the device as esso et'ed" with a reciprocating g'un' c'arfla'g'e cradle suolii as dis 'losed' in our said (in-pending applibatifin, but it isa section on the line 3 of Figto be understood that this is o'nfy for inustre =tion of application.

The portion of the gun cradlesfipwn in the drawings indinfde's a u-s'hap'ed antiiter 26 that is supported by 'a base 2'1 between w-l'fifrifl.v and" the adapter spacers 28 extend; iefis'pzciersa rerfg'iii with the adapter and the Ease. base 27 is mounted "for reciprocation in the gn'ifiew'ays 23 WhiCTl are held rigidly to'th'e" bottom 6f the enadle by adjustabl'e belt and nut'fif, whicfi'crardle this point forms a; housing'fl. The gun is supioiitefby ain 33 on the 're'eiprocetble adapter 26 so' that the gun and the adapter movetegether on Ycofl and" counter recoil in relation to the t iousin g n this e spiibetihn of our invention thebo'lt'fl fs associated with theedepter Manet with the elements" of the shock- 'ah'sofb'e'r'* hsorh or" s'r iiih the niov'ezine'i ims' of the adapter an odnsequentl y of the gen and to accelerate i reeipro'ca-tien of-thegun in one direction-after vemeiit-fn the-opposite direction has teen'erres'tefla device of this invention Includes the bolt that extends Between and is connected to the (when the device is used in the manner wove described)" and t-he'a dapter' 2'6, and a. mung"- er 35 thatis wedge-shaped on its ends as=at 3'6 am?! 37''. bdlt 34has'a moving fit with the plunger 35 's that the lun er ma pivot on the bolt.

' devib'e' 'aTso includes a plurality o'f'eccent ri'cially'arrelnged G-spr'ihgs 3'8, 39 and 40, which rest uppn thebettom 4 of the housing 31, which isrigittwith thec'radle, and are loosely' positioned bya rigi fllfvrnonnted past in the housin The opposite end ofthe' housing is'prov'ided with'si'rnileve -springs 38", 35' and 46 which rest upon the bottom if! oft'he housing but may have a differe'nt'positioiiing'meens. means as illustrateq-includesai ri'gidI'y mounted post'fi and pin MibetWeeIT which post and the innermost spring w, springs are arranged this in being of a IengtH substantially equal' to the normal inside dia'me'tenof the spring MI, but free thereof, for the pur'nose of maintaining said spring and the cooperating springs 3?! and 38'' against any subs lfeiritieil l'ate'ra'l displeteement. These springs 45 normally' tend 'to move the C"-springs 38, 39""an'd 49"" awa from the'p1 1mger'35, but this-movement is-limited and the pesi'tions of'tfie GI-spring's are controlled by "relatively adgiustatbie' cooperating wedges 46 and 41. The transverse a'tfiustment's Ofthese wed es 'are made by meansof an a djusting shrew 4 8. The wedges act as a ba'seioi the C s 1' ings"3 3"', ana 4 9"" and the springs wi'lIbe neftf'a gains't the ad'iaeent wefige 41 under the infinenteoflfie springs 4'5.

In the inactive osition of the a lnnger'fi the walls of the Wedge-shaped ends 33* and 3 will zfontaet the adiaeent ends of the c-spr'i'ngs-M and W, eeeh 6f which is of less resistance than the next 'adiaeent c 's'nring'swand a's, which fn'tliTH aifi- DY less"- fs'i's'fiait c' than the" c-springs a's 61*"33' 'l hegiadujatedresistetnceto flferhOVeifilifiS of the mmgefls may be at'c'comfilish'ed 'in many ways, but We have: shown it es accomplished by means 6f s'uh springs End by making the successive spiihg s' o'f' ea-oh set of greater thicknesses than the preeefiing ones.

It is of course to be understood that the c -s'pringsof both sets may be put under initiefi mid various" compressions by means" of the 23djusti'ng; wedges 'or' otherwise, even to the; extent tnet s rings" 38' and 38* will he p111; under sueh eompiessi'on that the stroke of tl ie'1filun'ger"35 end-eonsequenfiy' the magnitude of-the movementor thepmng'er'will be limited. When only thes-spi ings ta ema are pl'ae'ed unfier' imam compression, and while the plunger is in its inactive position, the ends of the c-springs 38 and 38' will be slightly spaced from the adjacent faces of the wedge shaped ends 36 and 31 of this plunger 35 and the ends of .the c-springs 39 and 39' will be spaced from the adjacent faces of the wedge shaped ends 36 and 31 of the plunger a slightly less distance.

As the plunger 35 moves in one of the reciprocating element which, is. attached to the member 34, the wedge shaped ends 36 or 31, as the case may be, separate the ends of the adjacent C-springs 40 or 40' against their resistance and will, after sufficient travel, contact the ends of the next adjacent C-springs 39 or 39 direction or the other under the influence of the" movement 4 34 be located vertically or horizontally and the other parts in their relative relationship, at the end of the movement against one of the retarders, the springs thereof tend gradually to urge the plunger and its load in the opposite direction,

thus greatly shortening the period of rest between reciprocations.

- We claim:

1. In a shock absorber, two relatively reciprocable elements, two nests of 'C-springs carried by one of said elements and arranged in spaced relation to eachother with spaces between the ends of said springs facing each other, each said nest comprising a plurality of independently acting C-springs arranged with their axes substantially parallel, a plunger carried by the other of and meeting the resistance of these springs andv operating against the same, will increasingly separate the ends thereof as the plunger continues its movement. Upon the further movement of the plunger the next C-springs- 38.38 will be engaged and, meeting the resistance of these springs and operating against it, will increasingly separate the ends thereof as the plunger con.- tinues its movement.

Thus the movement of the reciprocating'part which is attached to the bolt 34 will be cushioned and ultimately arrested by a series of elements. There are shown and described three G-springs, but a greater or lesser number may be used or the retarder may take other forms for successively and gradually increasing the resistance to take care-of variable dynamic impact loads.

It will be realized that when the adjustable wedges 45 and 4! are used the position of the springs 38, 33' and 40' will be shifted in respect of the housing in which they aremounted, while the positions of thee-springs 38, 39 and 40 will not be shifted. However, the sets of springs will bear the same relation to the plunger in any of the adjusted positions of the springs because the plunger will be shifted simultaneously along with the load to which it is attached.

In other words, regardless of the adjustment of the C-springs 38', 39 and 40', this set of springs and their counterparts 38, 39 and 40, will always exert, either initially or during the-reciprocating action of the load, equal forces on the plunger. r

It is of course to be understood that the resistance of the elements of each retarder may be varied to vary the effective operation of one retarder in respect to the other or the effective operation of one retarder element in relation to the corresponding element of the other retarder may be varied.

It is here pointed out that after one set of springs or retarder elements, or any thereof, have been put under compression by the movement of the plunger 35, they will exert a reactant force on the plunger with the result that the pe-' riod of rest between changes of direction of motion of the plunger with its load will greatly be said elements and having cam shaped ends, means for securing said plunger to said carrying element" in position to pass between the ends of said C-springs or said nests upon the relative reciprocation of said elements and to successively forcibly engage the said ends of the springs of each nest.

2. The combination of elements recited-in claim 1 wherein the cam shaped ends of said plunger are in the form of wedges. I

3. The combination of elements recited in claim 1 wherein the cam shaped ends of said plunger are in the form of wedges and the ends of the innermost spring of each nest are spaced closer together than the ends of another spring. 4. The combination of elements recited in the innermost spring of each nest are spaced closer together than the ends of another spring of said nest and. the resistance of the latter spring is greater than that of the innermost spring.

5. In a. shock absorber, two relatively reciprocable elements, a plurality of C-shaped springs carried by one of said reciprocable elements and arranged in nested relation with their ends separated and the openings between said ends in register, the axes of said springs being substan tially parallel, means constructed and arranged to support said springs for independent action each ofthe other, and a plunger carried by the other 'of said reciprocable elements and having a wedge shaped end adapted to enter the spaces between the ends of said springs and to. successively-force the ends of. said springs. apart.

6. The combination of elements recited .in claim 5 wherein the plunger is pivotally mounted for movement on an axis substantially parallel to the axis of said springs.

7. The combination of elements recited .in claim 5 wherein the successive springs arelof different degrees of resistance. H

8. The combination of elements recited-in claim 5 wherein the plunger ispivotally mounted for movement on an axis substantially parallel to the axis of said springs and the successive spring are of different degrees of resistance.

' 9. In a shock absorber two relatively reciprocable element, a-plurality of C-springs having spaced ends with the openings therebetween in register each with the other, said springs being arranged in nested relation with their axes substantially parallel, means for supporting said springs for independent action each of the other. a second set of a plurality of o-springs arranged in nested relation with their axes substantially parallel and having their'ends spaced each from the other with the spaces between said ends in register each with the other and facing the spaces between the springs of the first mentioned set, a plunger mounted upon the other of said elements for movement therewith and having wedge-shaped ends adapted to alternately enter the spaces between the ends of the springs of each set, and means for adjusting one set of springs as a unit to vary the distance between the two sets of springs.

AUGUST A. DANIELSEN.

ARMAND P. SCI-ILERET.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Number Name Date Stowasser Jan. 25, 1916 Bell May 9, 1933 Chudner July 25, 1939 Kouyoumjian Mar. 2, 1943 Hussman Oct. 10, 1944 Rosenzweig Dec. 26, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date France May 13, 1922 Germany Jan. 6, 1927 

